Diabetes mellitus is a disease that is associated with an absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and is characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders.Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in its full sense, but an incorrect lifestyle and diet.Therefore, diabetes nutrition plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and exclude from the diet of type 2 diabetes
Diabetes nutrition should be appropriate and include foods with a low glycemic index (between 10 and 40):
- vegetables: tomatoes, eggplant, cabbage, cucumber, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- egg;
- mushrooms and various nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, blueberries, lingonberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and fruit juices made from them;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, tangerine and grapefruit;
- products made from cereals and bran: barley bread, rice bran, oatmeal, buckwheat, spaghetti and pasta with durum flour;
- dietary meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- low-fat fish and fish products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold-pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitconsumption of foods with an average (between 40 and 70) glycemic index
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- low-fat or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and steamed), carrots, legumes;
- bread made from whole wheat flour, rye bread, black bread, yeast bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juice without sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- jam;
- raisins, melons, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- Pancakes made from wheat flour;
- brown rice
Exclusionfrom diet foods with a high glycemic index (70-100).
- watermelon;
- wheat cereals and breads;
- cornflakes;
- french fries and fries;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and sweet carbonated and non-carbonated drinks;
- coffee, tea, replaced with chicory, green tea and cranberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruits: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausage, frankfurter, sausage, chicken, smoked meat.
In addition to taking the medicines prescribed by the doctor, you should use herbs: chicory, cranberry leaves, dandelion root, mantle, bean leaves and a collection of sugar-lowering herbs.
In addition, diabetes patients are recommended to have an active lifestyle, more exercise, including walking 2 km a day, climbing stairs, physical work, unless of course they have suffered a heart attack or stroke.Change your sleep schedule, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1 am.
Basic steps and rules of a type 2 diabetes diet
It's no secret that diabetes primarily affects overweight and obese people.
The first step of the diet-2 weeks to get rid of extra pounds.During this period, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
In case of high blood sugar, it is recommended to eat strictly 3 times a day, without snacks, then the insulin will have time to be used.Instead of snacking, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, a portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
The second step of the diet– 15 days, consolidation of results.During this period, eat foods with a low and medium glycemic index.Limit the consumption of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the diet– for the rest of my life, staying in shape and following the rules.The menu should have a low to medium glycemic level.
Based on my own experience, I have been a diabetic for 11 years, I know that good health depends on 70% of what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and 20% on daily activity and only 10% on medications.
Foods for diabetics for the BREAKFAST food list
For breakfast, you can prepare the following dishes:
- Oatmeal - made from natural cereals and low-fat milk with the addition of small amounts of wild berries, raisins and dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with milk or low-fat yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat;or meatballs, meat souffle.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of cheese on wholemeal bread.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecake with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato slices with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs.Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pear, apple, orange, grapefruit.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Omelet with squid.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini Casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Food for diabetics LUNCH food list
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks.The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
Salads can be based on lettuce, fresh cabbage, e.g.and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radishes, radishes, cucumbers, tomatoes), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheeses and fruits.
First courses:
- Soups:
- plant-based vegetarian;
- pearls with barley and buckwheat mushrooms;
- rice with eggs;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, beans;
- pickles;
- fish with celery;
- vegetables with chicken;
- Lenten borscht with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew with steamed cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to taste, based on whole grain bread.
Dessert:
- Lemon jelly without sugar.
- Carrot cake.
- Cottage cheese souffle.
- Stevia chocolate cake in the microwave.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apple.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip decoction or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit preserve with sweetener.
Meals for diabetics DINNER food list
Dinner dishes can be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Cooked fish from low-fat varieties.
- Carrot-apple balls with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Steamed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before bedtime
- a glass of kefir;
The list of dishes above is a recommendation;you need to create your own menu and focus on your well-being.